How to delay pregnancy with effective?

About 85% of sexually active women who do not
use contraceptives become pregnant within a
year. A woman can become pregnant while
breastfeeding, from about 10 days after
childbirth, and even during her menstruation.
Withdrawal of the penis prior to ejaculation and
periodic abstinence does not prevent pregnancy
or spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Here
you can read more about several forms of
contraceptives.
You can prevent an unwanted pregnancy with:
1. Total Abstinence
2. Use of contraceptives
If you are sexually active and do not want to get
pregnant, always use contraception.
Methods of Contraception:
No method of contraception gives 100%
protection.
The male latex condom is the only contraceptive
method considered highly effective in reducing
the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STD's).
Birth control pills, Implant and IUDs do not
protect against STD infection.
For the Woman
DIAPHRAGM is a rubber disk with a flexible
rim that covers the cervix and must be used
together with spermicide. It is available by
prescription only and must be fitted for size
by a health professional. The diaphragm
protects for six hours and should be left in
place for at least six hours after intercourse
but not for longer than a total of 24 hours.
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES protect against
pregnancy by the combined actions of the
hormones estrogens and progestin. The
hormones prevent ovulation. The pills have to
be taken every day as directed and do not
work after vomiting or diarrhoea. Side effects
of the pill can be nausea, headache, breast
tenderness, weight gain, irregular bleeding,
and depression.
DEPO-PROVERA is a hormonal contraceptive
injected into a muscle on the arm or buttock
every three months. The injection must be
repeated every 3 months. The menstruation
can become irregular and sometimes even
absent.
IMPLANTS (such as Norplant or implanon) are
made up of small rubber rods, which are
surgically implanted under the skin of the
upper arm, where they release the
contraceptive steroid levonorgestrel. Their
protection lasts from 3 to 5 years. Side
effects include menstrual cycle changes,
weight gain, breast tenderness and loss of
bone mass.
IUD is a T-shaped device inserted into the
uterus by a health-care professional. The IUD
can remain in place for 5- 10 years. IUD’s
have one of the lowest failure rates of
contraceptive method. Sometimes the IUD can
be expelled and a woman has to check each
month after her period with her finger if she
can still feel the threads of the IUD. Other
side effects can include abnormal bleeding
and cramps, but this usually only occurs
during and immediately after insertion.
FEMALE STERILIZATION is done surgically.
The tubes are ligated, preventing the egg-
cells from encountering the sperm cells and
preventing any future pregnancies. It is a
permanent form of contraception.
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION must be taken
within 72 hours of unprotected sex in order to
prevent an unplanned pregnancy. A woman
must take 1 Norlevo and a second pill 12 to
24 hours later. Beside Norlevo, most
combination (estrogens and progesterone)
birth control pills can also be used. Take
within 72 hours of unprotected sex. One dose
100 µg ethinylestradiol + 500 µg levonorgestrel
(2-4 birth control pills), 12 hours later a
second dose.
MORNING-AFTER IUD must be inserted within
5 days of unprotected intercourse. The IUD
can stay for 5 to 10 years.
For the Man
CONDOMS are usually made from latex rubber
and can be used only once. Some have
spermicide added to kill sperm. They act as a
mechanical barrier, preventing direct vaginal
contact with semen, infectious genital
discharges, and genital lesions. Condoms are
the most effective method for reducing the
risk of infection from the viruses that cause
AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases
(STD’s). It is important to put a condom on
properly before intercourse
MALE STERILIZATION also known as
vasectomy, is a quick operation performed
under local anaesthesia with possible minor
postsurgical complications, such as bleeding
or infection. The ability to get an erection and
an ejaculation does not disappear. The sperm
cells are just a very small part (1%) of the
fluid and a man will not notice any difference
in ejaculation. The body will absorb the sperm
cells.
Rates of Effectiveness of Different
Contraceptives:
Estimated Effectiveness
Male Latex Condom
86%
Female Condom
79%
Diaphragm with Spermicide
80%
Oral Contraceptives
Over 95%
Injection (Depo-Provera)
Over 99%
Implant (Norplant, Implanon)
Over 99%
IUD (Intrauterine Device)
98-99%
Surgical Sterilisation
Over 99%
Emergency Contraceptives
75%